Theology in Five

Golgotha, or Calvary, carries profound religious and historical significance as the location of Jesus Christ’s crucifixion. This article delves into the historical and religious context of Golgotha and the event that shapes the core of Christian beliefs.

The Meaning Behind Golgotha

The term “Golgotha” originates from the Aramaic word “gulgulta,” which translates to “skull.” Similarly, “Calvary” derives from the Latin “calvaria,” bearing the same meaning. The location was thus named due to the hill’s resemblance to a human skull. This execution site, deliberately positioned outside the city walls, emphasized the exclusion and separation of those being crucified from the rest of society.

The Crucifixion at Golgotha

The crucifixion of Jesus Christ at Golgotha is documented in all four Gospels of the New Testament. The accounts describe Jesus carrying his cross to Golgotha, where he was crucified between two criminals. These narratives relay the series of events that transpired during the crucifixion, such as Jesus’ interaction with the criminals, the derision from religious leaders and soldiers, and the casting of lots for Jesus’ clothing. The crucifixion narrative climaxes with Jesus’ final words, leading to his death, removal from the cross, and burial in a nearby tomb.

The Significance of Golgotha

For Christians, Golgotha stands as the site of the ultimate sacrifice for humanity’s sins made by Jesus Christ, the central figure of their faith. This act forms the crux of Christian beliefs about redemption and salvation. Golgotha’s location has drawn pilgrims for centuries. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, believed to have been constructed over Golgotha and Jesus’ tomb by Emperor Constantine’s mother Helena in the 4th century CE, continues to be a significant spiritual destination. Pilgrims visit to reflect upon Jesus’ passion, death, and resurrection.

Discussion Questions

1. Reflecting on Jesus’ crucifixion at Golgotha, how can we find the strength to forgive those who have hurt or wronged us, following Jesus’ example of forgiveness and love even in the face of suffering and injustice?
2. How can the events at Golgotha inspire us to confront and overcome our own fears and obstacles in life, knowing that Jesus’ sacrifice enables us to have a personal relationship with God and access divine help and strength?
3. Considering the significance of Golgotha in the story of Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection, how can we share the message of hope, redemption, and transformation with others in our communities and beyond, to bring light and healing to a world in need?

Want to Know More?

1. Gibson, Shimon. “The Final Days of Jesus: The Archaeological Evidence.” HarperOne, 2009.
2. Martin, James. “Jesus: A Pilgrimage.” HarperOne, 2014.
3. Chapman, David W. “Ancient Jewish and Christian Perceptions of Crucifixion.” Baker Academic, 2008.